The structure of plant cell wall, chloroplast, vacuole

Shows a plant cell as seen under the microscope.  Like an animal cell, a plant cell has cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.  However, plant cell has also other strucures such as cell wall, chloroplasts and a large vacuole.

CELL WALL

Cell wall is present cytoplasm outisde the cell membrane of plant cell.  It is made up of chemical substance,calle cellulose.  It is rigid and thick as compared to cell membrane.  it supports plant cell and maintians its shape.

CHLOROPLAST

Numerous disc-like structures present in plat cell are call cholroplasts. Green matter known as chlorophyll is present in them.  Chlorophyll absorbs light enrgey from the Sun and uses it for making food through the process of photosyntehsis..

VACUOLE

A large vacuole is present in the center of cytoplasm.  The cytoplasm is pushed towards side due to this vacuole. 

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Centrioles are present near the nucleus (Centrosome and centrloles)

Two centrioles are present near the nucleus.  They are cylindrical in structure which lie close to each other in a region called centrosome.  Centrioles pay an important role in animal cell division. Nemerous small rounded bodies present in the cytoplasm are called vacuoles.  These store waste materials, water, air and food particles.

Nucleus

The most important and visible organelle of a cell is the nucleus.  Generally, it is rounded in shape and present in the center of the cell. It controls all the activities of teh cell.  Therefore, it is known as control center or brain of a cell.  A membrane, called unclear membrane, surrounds the nucleus. Small thread like structures, chromosomes, are found in the nucleus, which control the characteristics of living organisms.  Chromosomes are passed down from one generation to another and contain chemical material, DNA, which is responsible for heredity. 

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The parts of Animal (Structure of Animal Cell)

The parts of animals cell seen under microscope are given below:-

Cell Membrane 

Cell membrane is a thin membrane, which surrounds the cytoplasm. It controls the movement of material in and out of the cell.

Cytoplasm

Jell-like semi-transparent matter present inside the cell membrane is called cytoplasm.  It contains water and other chemical compounds.  Most of the chemical reactions take place in cytoplasm.  Many different kinds of small bodies organelles are present in the cytoplasm. Among these organelles we will only study here centro some with cent riles and vacuole.  

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Cell - Unit of Life

You have observed that bricks, cement and iron rods are used for construction of a house is used for holding them together, therefore, we can say that bricks is the basic unit for construction of house.

Have you ever thought which is the basis unit of body of living thing? Cell is the basic unit of all living things.  It means that cells play basic role in buildings the body of living things.  Some living things only one cell, while others are composed of many cells. Cells perform many function for which they remain alive.  Most of the living things are made up of different types of cells.  These cells differ in size and shape.  However, many characteristics are common to all types of cells.

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Compound Microscope Lenses of different powers are used

Microscope is an instrument which is used to observe very small things that cannot be seen with naked eye.  The microscope that is generally used in school is called compound microscope.

Lenses of different powers are used in a compound microscope.  The lens through which we observe is called eye piece and the lens near the object to be seen is called objective lens.  The glass slide with material on it is  place on the stage.  Light is reflected towards the slide through mirror which is located below the stage.  Two screws are adjusted to focus the objects to view them clearly.  Which of these is the basic unit for structure?. The wall is constructed by placing bricks one upon the other and cement.

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However Plants differ from animals between characteristics of plants and animals

We have already studied that living things are divided into two main groups, that is plants and animals. Both these groups possess all the basic features of living things.  However, plants differ from animals in many respects which are as follows.

1. Movement

Animals, whether as big as an elephant, or as small as an ant, terrestrial or aquatic, move about freely from one place to another.  This movement is call locomotion.  On the other hand plants cannot change their position.  Though branches, roots and other parts of plant show different movement, but the plant as a whole remains fixed to a place throughout its life, after its emergence from the seed.

2. Growth

Visit your school garden with your teacher and observe different plants.  You will notice some new branches and a young leaves growing from the tips and new buds forming at the ends of new branches.  Similarly when you observe roots of a seeding your will see the roots growing at their tips.  Thus growth is a continuous process in the plants in which plants grow at their shoot tips and roots tips.

On the other hand growth occurs proportionally in all body parts of an animals and stops after a certain period.

3. Spread

When you look at plants you will notice that they have spreading bodies, their branches grow from the tips and spread in such a way that they occupy a large surface area.  Animals on the other hand have fat and squat bodies as their growth is proportional in different body parts, therefore they occupy less space growth is proportional in different body parts, therefore they occupy less space.

4. Nutrition

The basic difference between plants and animals lies in their mode of nutrition.  Plants can prepare their own food by process called photosynthesis.  This food is then utilized according to their need.

Photosynthesis is not possible in animals and hence they cannot prepare their food.  So they depend, for their food, on plants. Some animals eat plants as fodder, for example, cow, buffalo, goat etc.  Some birds, for example a sparrow, a parrot. eat fruit and seeds, while others eat flesh of other animals.  Man acquires his food from vegetables, cereals, fruits as well as meat.

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Tell me what is the difference between a pediatrician and neo natologist:

A  pediatricians is a specialist of children starting from birth till 18years. Some take them to 15 years.  Neonatologist,on the other hand is a sub-specialist of pediatrics who looks after babies from birth till 28 days of life.  They also look after premature babies. 

Why can a pediatrician not fulfill the need?

As I mentioned this is a sub-specialty of pediatrics and earlier pediatricians looked after neonates (newborns).  But it was realized that newborns make a major bulk of pediatric workload and need to be better managed.  Neonatology was thus introduced in 1960.  This filed like any other field of pediatric sub-specialists requires a lot of dedicated work.  In USA, a 1 kg infant born in 1960 had a mortality risk of 95 percent but had a 95 percent probability of survival by 2000 which came to around 98 percent by 2010.  

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How can we know that a baby can hear and see at birth?

Well, close observation of doctors and parents plays a very important rote in this.  Although there are specific tests to look for intact hearing and visual pathways parents can assess hearing by nothing baby's reaction to sound in a claim and quite room.

If there is sudden loud sound the baby reacts to it by showing a gesture of raising his arms and flexing the legs or starts crying as if he did not like the sound.  This can be assessed from birth.  As far as vision is concerned babies tend to squint on focusing even the mother's face and vision improves gradually.  They star focusing the mother's face or objects close to their face by the first month's face or objects close to their face by the first month. These can, however be checked and assessed even at early stages.

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Frequent dying causes gray hair

The pigment in the hair called melanin determines the color of the hair.  Melanin is produced in the roots deep inside the skin. You dye the hair that is outside the skin which is basically dead tissue.  

No matter how many times you dye hair it does not harm the production factory present in the roots and thus does not affect the color of the hair. (Author by: "Doctor Khawar Nazir Dermatologist Lahore")

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Mothers should avoid certainfoods as they affect breast milk

There is  no list of foods that a mother should avoid just because she is breast feeding.  Mothers can eat whatever they want and whenever they want.  There are though a few medicines (not all) that might affect breast milk and hence the baby's health. 

If the mother is taking some medicine she should speak to a doctor before feeding the baby.  Diseases, except for rare ones, also do not affect the breast milk.  Contagious diseases like chicken pox and measles can affect baby's health but do not directly affect the breast milk. (Author by "Dr. Awais Tahir Pediatrician")

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Plucking a gray hair causes more gray hair

It is simply not possible Neither is it scientifically proven.  We need to understand that hair turning gray is not a disease.  It is a natural process.  What happens is when people start getting gray hair they become conscious and start plucking them.  Since the hair is already in a process of turning gray people assume hair is turning gray because of being plucked.  A hair is like a tree.  It has its roots inside the scalp. Pulling a hair out is like pulling a tree out of the soil along with its roots.  How can we say that pulling a tree out of the soil will cause more trees to grow?.   (Author by:, "Dr. Khawar Nazir Dermatologist Lahore").   

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NEDO computerized systems time attendance and access control solution

NEDO is computerized systems and big latest technology are available with a choice of reader technology, Biometrics, ID cards and proximity access tokens to meet all requirements Plus NEDO payroll software that links directly to our time and attendance hardware from which you can generate Multiple Reports and Payroll with Customized Option.

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Which willful empress supplied the ladies of karachi with easter eggs and gourmet sauces?

A good news in Pakistan a big city Karachi in the ladies of the military branch of society in Kurrachee the Sudder where the latest things from home, whether fashions in dress Easter eggs or Christmas cards are exposed to view, and where the newest sauces, the most novel condiments, and the best of wines are also to be found.

There are no fewer than seven markets in Kurrachee, including the new Empress Market opened on March 21, 1989.  It is a very handsome building, designed in the domestic gothic style, called by its present name in commeoration of the jubilee of he majesty, the Queen and Empress of India.

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All living things excrete harmful and unwanted wastes from their body (Excretion)

Many chemical process are going on in living body.  Along with energy and useful substances, many wastes, harmful and surplus substances such as urine, faces and carbon dioxide are also produced as a result of these                         processes.  These substances must be removed, as they are extremely harmful if they remain in the body.  The removal of wastes and surplus materials from the body is called excretion. Plants also excrete certain wastes and gases. 

Have you ever seen any excessive and harmful wastes being excreted by non-living things.  All living things excrete harmful and unwanted wastes from their body, but non-living things do not.

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Smartphones, Microsoft the Nokia Lumia Phones, the 8x HTC unveils Windows Phone 8 Devices

The best and great full specification smartphone mobile for new latest model last month issue mobile technology this HTC unveiled its first Windows Phone 8 smartphones, the 8x and 8s last month, at an event in New York City, Mashable reported.  The naming scheme mirrors the company's One X and One S phones. Microsoft CEO Steve Balimer and HTC CEO Peter Chou Unveiled the two new phones together.  The 8S is slightly smaller than the 8X, but they both have "personality". Chou said, striking primary colours similar to Nokia's Lumia Phones.

The 8X has an HD 4.3 inch screen and a dual core 1.5GHZ Qualcomm Snapdragon S4 processor.  The 8S is smaller and less capable, with a 4-inch screen and a dula-core 1GHZ S4 chip.  The 8X brings the One's 8-megapixel camera to Windows Phone, with its burst mode and the ability to pick the best shot from a set of pictures taken in burst.  The phone's front camera i a standout, too, with a 2.1MP sensor, 1080p video recording and an F/2.0 lens. HTC also says it's "Ultra wide lens" has tirple the area of previous front-facing camera. HTC simplified its smartphone line this year by consolidating most of its phones into a couple of "hero" products, namely the One and EVO lines. The best with full excellent specification and techcredit best  achievement in HTC smartphones technology.

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